Abstract
Termed ‘master gene regulators’ long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as the true vanguard of the ‘noncoding revolution’. Functioning at a molecular level, in most if not all cellular processes, lncRNAs exert their effects systemically. Thus, it is not surprising that lncRNAs have emerged as important players in human pathophysiology. As our body's first line of defense upon infection or injury, inflammation has been implicated in the etiology of several human diseases. At the center of the acute inflammatory response, as well as several pathologies, is the pleiotropic transcription factor NF-κβ. In this review, we attempt to capture a summary of lncRNAs directly involved in regulating innate immunity at various arms of the NF-κβ pathway that have also been validated in human disease. We also highlight the fundamental concepts required as lncRNAs enter a new era of diagnostic and therapeutic significance.
Abbreviations
- ANRIL,
- antisense ncRNA in the INK4 locus;
- Arid2,
- AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2;
- CAD,
- coronary artery disease;
- CCAT2,
- colon cancer associated transcript 2;
- CSC,
- cancer stem cell;
- DDR,
- DNA damage response;
- DLEU1/2,
- deleted In lymphocytic leukemia 1/2;
- hnRNP-K,
- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K;
- hnRNPL,
- heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L;
- HOTAIRs,
- HOX Antisense Intergenic RNAs;
- HOX,
- homeobox;
- IKK,
- Iκ-Bα kinase;
- IL-1β,
- interleukin 1 beta;
- JAK2/STAT3,
- Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3;
- KD,
- Kawasaki disease;
- Lethe,
- long non-coding RNA named after the “river of forgetfulness”;
- lincRNA-Cox2,
- long intergenic RNA Cox2;
- lincRNA p21,
- lincRNA-p21;
- LINK-A,
- long intergenic non-coding RNA for kinase activation;
- lnc-DILC,
- lncRNA down-regulated in liver cancer;
- lncRNAs,
- long ncRNAs;
- LPS,
- lipopolysaccharide;
- MALAT1,
- nuclear-retained metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1;
- Morrbid,
- myeloid RNA regulator of Bim-induced death;
- ncRNAs,
- noncoding RNAs;
- NEMO,
- NF-κβ essential modulator;
- NeST,
- Nettoie Salmonella pas Theiler's (cleanup Salmonella not Theiler's);
- NKILAs,
- NF-κβ-interacting lncRNAs;
- PACER,
- p50-associated Cox2 extragenic RNA;
- PRC2,
- polycomb repressive complex 2;
- RA,
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- SNPs,
- small nucleotide polymorphisms;
- SWI/SNF,
- SWItch/Sucrose Non Fermentable;
- TGF-β1,
- transforming growth factor beta 1;
- Umlilo,
- upstream master LncRNA of the inflammatory chemokine locus;
- THP1,
- Tamm-Horsfall protein-1 monocytic cells;
- UUO,
- unilateral ureteral obstructive;
- YY1,
- Ying Yang 1
- © 2017 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
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