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Review Article

Exercise protects from cancer through regulation of immune function and inflammation

Pernille Hojman
Biochemical Society Transactions Jul 03, 2017, BST20160466; DOI: 10.1042/BST20160466
Pernille Hojman
Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet 7641, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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  • For correspondence: phojman@inflammation-metabolism.dk
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Abstract

Exercise training has been extensively studied in cancer settings as part of prevention or rehabilitation strategies, yet emerging evidence suggests that exercise training can also directly affect tumor-specific outcomes. The underlying mechanisms for this exercise-dependent cancer protection are just starting to be elucidated. To this end, evasion of immune surveillance and tumor-associated inflammation are established as hallmarks of cancer, and exercise may target cancer incidence and progression through regulation of these mechanisms. Here, I review the role of exercise in protection from cancer through mobilization and activation of cytotoxic immune cells, restriction of inflammatory signaling pathways in myeloid immune cells, and regulation of acute and chronic systemic inflammatory responses. In conclusion, I propose that exercise has the potential to target tumor growth through regulation of immune and inflammatory functions, and exercise may be pursued as anticancer treatment through incorporation into standard oncological therapy to the benefit of the cancer patients.

  • biomarkers
  • cytokines
  • exercise oncology
  • immune response
  • physical training
  • physiology
  • Abbreviations

    DEN,
    diethylnitrosamine;
    HCC,
    hepatocarcinoma;
    NK,
    natural killer;
    PAMP,
    pathogen-associated molecular patterns;
    TLRs,
    Toll-like receptors
    • © 2017 The Author(s); published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society
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    Exercise protects from cancer through regulation of immune function and inflammation
    Pernille Hojman
    Biochemical Society Transactions Jul 2017, BST20160466; DOI: 10.1042/BST20160466
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    Exercise protects from cancer through regulation of immune function and inflammation
    Pernille Hojman
    Biochemical Society Transactions Jul 2017, BST20160466; DOI: 10.1042/BST20160466

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    • Article
      • Abstract
      • Introduction
      • Immune function, inflammation, and cancer
      • Exercise-dependent regulation of immune cell function
      • Exercise tempers inflammatory signaling
      • Exercise-dependent regulation of systemic low-grade inflammation
      • Conclusions and clinical perspective
      • Funding
      • Competing Interests
      • References
    • Figures
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    • PDF

    Keywords

    biomarkers
    cytokines
    exercise oncology
    immune response
    physical training
    physiology

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